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Abstract

In the 19th century, violent colonial military campaigns aimed to control Muslim wealth, lands, and capabilities, leading to the displacement and death of Muslims. Despite this, Muslims resisted, defending their righteous sons and defending their homeland. Europeans believed that the Qur'an, the primary source for instilling the spirit of sacrifice and redemption among Muslims, would prevent them from subjugating them. This belief was based on the belief that Muslims possessed Hussein, a martyr who set an example of sacrifice and redemption. This historical inevitability confirmed the victory of faith over injustice and evil.

Keywords

Imam Hussein (peace be upon him), French orientalism, Marie-Pierre Valckman, Mariam Abu al-Dhahab, Western colonialism, Islamic societies

Article Type

Article

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